What Are the 2 Main Psychological Perspectives of Hypnosis?

Two main psychological perspectives on hypnosis have influenced research and practice in the field: the state theory and the non-state theory. These theories offer different explanations for the nature of hypnosis and its effects on behaviour and experience. 🧠🔍

State theory: The state theory of hypnosis, also known as the dissociation theory or the neodissociation theory, proposes that hypnosis involves a unique state of consciousness that is distinct from normal waking consciousness. According to this theory, hypnosis is characterised by a dissociation between different cognitive systems or levels of control, such that the   individual experiences a sense of involuntariness or automaticity in their responses to hypnotic suggestions.

The state theory suggests that hypnosis involves a shift in brain activity and functional connectivity, particularly in terms of the balance between the prefrontal cortex and other brain regions involved in attention, memory, and cognitive control. This shift is thought to facilitate the acceptance of hypnotic suggestions and the experience of hypnotic phenomena such as dissociation, amnesia, and hallucinations.

Non-state theory: The non-state theory of hypnosis, also known as the sociocognitive theory or the response expectancy theory, proposes that hypnosis does not involve a unique state of consciousness but rather a set of attitudes, beliefs, and expectations that shape the individual's responses to hypnotic suggestions. According to this theory, hypnosis is a form of social interaction in which the hypnotist and the client co-create a context of heightened suggestibility and responsiveness.

If you believe the non-state theory, hypnotic responses are caused by the same mental and neurological processes that cause other types of social influence and persuasion, like demand characteristics, placebos, and self-fulfilling prophecies. This theory emphasises the role of individual differences in hypnotic susceptibility, as well as the importance of the hypnotist-client relationship and the social context of hypnosis.

Both the state theory and the non-state theory have generated significant research and debate in the field of hypnosis, and there is evidence to support both perspectives. Some researchers have proposed integrative models that incorporate elements of both theories, recognising the complex and multifaceted nature of hypnotic experience and behaviour.

Ultimately, the perspective that one adopts on hypnosis may depend on a range of factors, including one's theoretical orientation, research interests, and behavioural experience. By understanding the key features and implications of these different perspectives, individuals can approach hypnosis with a more informed and nuanced understanding of its nature and effects. 🌟 #PsychologicalPerspectivesOnHypnosis #StateVsNonStateTheory #IntegrativeModelsOfHypnosis #pobinsider